RESEARCH RESULTS ON DESIGN OF CONTROL CIRCUIT AND CHARGING SYSTEM FROM SOLAR BATTERY FOR PHOTOSOLAR DEVICES TO PREVENT INSECTS THAT DAMAGE AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY CROPS

Phototactic devices offer an effective and environmentally friendly physical solution for controlling insect pests in agriculture and forestry. However, the deployment of these devices in off-grid areas necessitates an autonomous, efficient, and robust power supply and control system. This paper presents the results of the research, design, and fabrication of an integrated system, comprising an intelligent control circuit and a solar charging station equipped with a sun-tracking mechanism. The control system, based on an STM32F103 microcontroller, enables automated time-based operation, remote control via GSM, and the generation of a high voltage (up to 5kV) for pest elimination. The charging station is engineered with a controller capable of handling a wide input voltage range (5–42V) and features a dual-axis tracking mechanism to optimize energy harvesting efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the system operates with high stability and efficiency. Under summer conditions, the station can simultaneously charge 4-5 devices, ensuring their batteries are fully charged before evening deployment. The sun-tracking mechanism demonstrated superior performance compared to a fixed system, particularly in its ability to charge effectively during the early morning and late afternoon hours. This research has successfully developed a comprehensive, energy-autonomous solution, enhancing the effectiveness and practical feasibility of phototactic devices in sustainable agricultural and forestry practices.